Dr. SaMeH S. Ahmed

Associate Prof. of Environmental Engineering

Effective porosity

The term effective porosity lacks a single or straightforward definition. Even some of the terms used in its mathematical description ("$V_{cl}$” and “$V_{sh}$”) have multiple definitions. However, it is most commonly considered to represent the porosity of a rock or sediment available to contribute to fluid flow through the rock or sediment, or often in terms of "flow to a borehole". Porosity that is not considered "effective porosity" includes water bound to clay particles (known as bound water) and isolated "vuggy" porosity (vugs not connected to other pores). The effective porosity is of great importance in considering the suitability of rocks or sediments as oil or gas reservoirs, or as aquifers.

Summary of terms

Fig. 2

Utilising the Eslinger & Pevear concept, the following terms are illustrated in Figure 2.

Total porosity

The volume of the reservoir rock which is fluid (oil, water, gas) filled, expressed as a percentage or a fraction of the gross (bulk) rock volume.

Effective porosity $phi_{e1}$

The sum of all the interconnected pore space. In the vast majority of cases, this core analysis and Petroleum Engineering definition of effective porosity equates to total porosity.

Effective porosity $phi_{e2}$

Effective porosity measured on core samples which are dried in a humidity oven so that clays retain one or two molecular layers of bound water—however, this CBW tends to a minimum and is likely not reservoir representative.

Effective porosity $phi_{e3}$

Total porosity minus clay-bound water (CBW).

Effective porosity $phi_{e4}$

Log effective porosity. In essence, total porosity minus shale water, where solid minerals and the volume of shale (Vsh) constitute the matrix (non-effective porosity) and the remaining volume constitutes the effective porosity. For practical purposes, Vsh includes solid clays and the clay-sized and silt-sized fraction of non-clay minerals plus CBW and capillary bound water associated with shale micropores.

Effective porosity $phi_{e5}$

In a hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir above the transition zone, only that pore space which is filled with hydrocarbons. From the NMR log, this equates to the Free Fluid Index (FFI), in other words, all pore space above the T2 cut-off.

Effective porosity $phi_{e6}$

The volume of pore space which contains only producible hydrocarbons.

Clay-bound water (CBW)

The amount of Clay-bound water is determined by the following equation

$ext{CBW} = phi_t cdot ext{SF} cdot ext{Qv}$[5][6]

where $phi_t$ is total porosity, $ext{SF}$ is salinity factor and $ext{Qv}$ is the Cation Exchange Capacity, meq/ml pore space

The salinity factor $ext{SF}$ is calculated as $0.6425 cdot S^{-0.5} + 0.22$ where $S$ the salinity in g/l,



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Special Issue

Published Online on January 2016

Mining Engineering

Mining engineering is an engineering discipline that involves practice, theory, science, technology, and the application of extracting and processing minerals from a naturally occurring environment. Mining engineering also includes processing minerals for additional value.

Environmental Engineering

Environmental engineers are the technical professionals who identify and design solutions for    environmental problems. Environmental engineers provide safe drinking water, treat and properly dispose of wastes, maintain air quality, control water pollution, and remediate sites contaminated due to spills or improper disposal of hazardous substances. They monitor the quality of the air, water, and land. And, they develop new and improved means to protect the environment.

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Univeristies

Universities I've worked in

Assuit University (Home University), Egypt

Imperial College, London, UK

King Saud University, KSA

,Majmaah University

Also visit

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sameh_Ahemd

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How many red balls we need to make balance

Sports

Egypt vs Tunisia (Handball final)  30/1/2016

Course 2016/17-1

1. Computer Applications in Surveying  CE 473
2. Surveying 1 CE 370
3. Photogrammetry CE 474
4. Surveying II  CE 371
5. Design I  (round 4) CE 498

Rule #7

Latest

Member of the Editorial Board: " Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Sciences"  2013

Participating in The Third International Conference on Water, Energy and Environment,(ICWEE) 2015 - American University of Sharjah, UAE 24-26 March 2015 with a Paper and Poster

New article

Recovery of Titania from Waste-Sludge of Majmaah Water Treatment Plant

"Production of Titania Nano-particles from Wast-

Sludge

Coming soon

Results of M2 CE311

Student Conference

Participation  in the 6Th Student Conference

With a paper and oral presentation

From the Senior Design Project CE499 -35

See inside, the paper, and presentation

Surveying  I -  CE 370 - 2016-2017-1

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Student Performance Records

Surveying II - CE 371 - 2016-2017-1

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Student Performance Records

CE 473

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2015-2016-2 - Photogrammetry  CE474

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Environmental Engineering 1

CE 360: Environmental Engineering 1

37-2

 Y PP0-1-2-3,4 Power point Y 1,2,3,4,5 Chapters Water quality Poster + Climate Change Reports will be announced (Quiz #2 will be using D2L- Online Quizzes Y Quizzez 2,3 and 4 with model answer and results Exams and results

Engineering Report Writing

GE 306: Engineering Report Writing

Senior Design 2 - CE 499

Meeting on 14-4-2015

Second Best paper from Senior Design Projects in 2015

Paper title:

Evaluation of Groundwater Quality Parameters using Multivariate Statistics- a case Study of Majmaah, KSA

Students:

Abdullah A. Alzeer

Husam K. Almubark

Maijd M. Almotairi

CE 360-Summer Course

Environmental Engineering I

Welcome to CE360 second Term 2015-2016

Engineering Practice

Engineering Practice GE 307

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CE 212

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