Effect of Dist
Effect
of Distributed Multi-Raman Amplifiers on Bandwidth, Gain and the Flatness of
the Gain
Fathy M. Mustafa1,
Ashraf A. Khalaf2 and F. A. El-Geldawy2
1Electronics and Communications Engineering Department,
Bani-suef University, Egypt
2 Electronics and Communications Engineering
Department, Mina University, Egypt
Abstract: In the present paper, the problem of
multi-pumping Raman amplifiers has been investigated to study the relation
between the number of optical amplifiers, gain and the flatness of the gain and
also we discuss the relation between the cascaded optical amplifiers and the
bandwidth over a wide range of optical signal wavelengths for long-haul
ultra-wide wavelength division multiplexing (UW-WDM) transmission systems due
to multi-pumping wavelengths and pumping power. Four cases are analyzed where,
five, six, six and eight Raman pumping of special pumping powers are launched
in the forward direction. The model equations are numerically handled and
processed via specially cast software (Matlab). The gain is computed over the
spectral optical wavelengths (1.45μm ≤ λ signal ≤ 1.65μm).
[Fathy M. Mustafa, Ashraf A. Khalaf and
F. A. El-Geldawy. Effect of Distributed Multi-Raman Amplifiers on
Bandwidth, Gain and the Flatness of the Gain. J Am Sci 2012;8(10):267-274].
(ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 39
Keywords: Raman amplifier, Distributed multi-pumping
Raman amplifier (DMRA), Raman gain, pumping power and wavelength, ultra
wide-wavelength division multiplexing (UW-WDM). Full Text 39
