Introduction 5
Introduction 5
Medical textiles in the industrial textile field gradually have taken an important role. Medical textiles refer to textile products often used in combination with non-textile materials, which are used for the medical care of humans and animals and act as protection for personnel and equipments in medical care situation. (14) Medical textiles differ from other textile products in that there is often little scope for diversification and design variation (15)
The medical textile section, looked at in its broadest term, is undoubtedly one of the greatest success stories of recent years, The medical and related Hygiene industries have been major users of textiles products for many years. (16) The Huge growth of medical applications of textiles over the last 120 years or more has mirrored that the development of modern medicine and surgery has not been limited to just the volume of materials used, where medical application in addition to protective medical apparel textiles are used for implant, blood filter and surgical dressing… etc (5) today there has been a huge increase in both the size of the market and the variety of product available (16) and most industry leaders at all levels of the distributions network, say that there is potential for new products and application. (17)
The medical textile industry has diversified with new materials and innovative designs evolving polymer technology has yielded a wide range of applications of implantable medical textile
Textile material have been used for medical purpose since earlier times, the huge growth of medical applications of textiles over the last 120 years or so has mirrored, the development of modern medicine and surgery .(5)
Textile materials that are used in medical applications include fibers, yarns (monofilament and multi- filament ), fabrics (woven ,nonwoven ,knitted ) and composites
Biomedical materials are defined as materials that used in contact with tissue, blood, cells protein and any other living substance. Biomedical materials include metals, ceramics, polymers, natural fibers and their composites. Biomedical polymers have been used successfully in the research and development of artificial organs that simulate functions of natural organs. (4)
The textile materials in the medical textiles have gradually taken an important role, textiles have found their way into a variety of medical applications, (4)and while textile materials have been used in medical textiles for many years , new uses are still being found . Research utilizing new and existing fibers and fabric forming techniques , is essential if further developments are to continue ,(18) so fibers are the basic building blocks of any textile structures and their properties, which will govern the product through the ultimate application. (4)
The use of textiles in medicine has grown rapidly over the past few years and now covers everything from wadding ,padding and implant material .
Today, s medical textile market is producing state of the art polymeric textile implantable devices that are reducing traditional materials and methods of surgery .these sophisticated high –tech polymer materials are engineered for specific uses in surgical and interventional procedures .one of the Biotextiles products is fabrics used in heart prostheses
Defects in the heart
Galen postulated the existence of pores between the two sides of the heart, persistence of holes after birth sooner or later has a deleterious effect on the circulation.
Treatment of defects
The surgical treatment of all holes in the heart is to close them by stitching the edges together when this combe done without tension or by inserting a patch of plastic material in the large ones . (48)
Patches
Patch used to repair the whole prior disorders ,Prosthetic patch was introduced by vosschuttle in 1957 ,subsequently, it has become a widely accept technique for the repair of coarctation .(58) Prosthetic patch are widely used in the surgical treatment of cnegentital heart disease,(59) especially in the tetralogy of fallot reconstruction of the right. (60) Patch material may be either autogenous or synthetic autogenous, grafts have been formed from arterial venous and peritoneal tissue. Many surgeons prefer veins for autogenous patches because they are more readily available and they expand like a vein patch.Synthetic patch material may be made of PTFE (Teflon) or dacron (polyester), patches may be flat pieces of fabric or cut from tube graft as the patch is cut to fit the arteriotomy and may be oval, rectangular or Y shaped (have a bifurcation like these used in transplantation or reimplantation)
