fabric structure
Woven structures may be conveniently divided into two principal categories as follows .
1-simple structures in which the ends and the picks intersect with one another at right angles such as plain weave ,basket weave ,twill weave and stain weave .
-plain weave
plain weave produces the simplest form in interlacing .but it used to a greater extent than any other weave ,and diverse methods of ornamenting and of varying the structure are employed
-Basket weave
Basket weave is generally defined as having two or more ends interlaced as a unit with one or more filling yarns ,this construction is not so firm as regular plain weaves.
-Twill weave
The second weave pattern used in the manufacture of fabric is the twill weave ,this technique is characterized by diagonal line on the face and often on the back .
-Satin weave
Satin weave is also known as atlas weave ,there are two generic types of satin weave ,resulting in weft –faced and warp-faced fabrics ,these are called satin /weft and satin /warp.
-compound structure in which there may be more then one series of ends or picks .(87)
The variety of arrangements of yarns in a woven structure can be very wide .
-Double weave
Double weave are fabrics in which there are at least two series of warp and weft threads each of which is engaged primarily in producing its own layer of fabrics thus forming a separate face and back .the two layers may be only loosely connected.(88)
I.4.1.1.Narrow fabrics
The narrow fabrics industry is the sector of the textile narrow fabrics enter almost every part of our lives. Narrow fabrics defined as any non-elastic woven fabric 12 inches or less in width . Good warp beams are one of the key requirement for efficient production .(89)The narrow fabric can be manufactured by four main different production techniques by weaving ,knitting , splitting (cutting)or adhesive bonding .
Woven tapes are made of one or more systems of longitudinal (warps) threads and one or more transverse systems of (weft) threads .
Knitted tapes are made of one or more longitudinal or transverse threads system are generally produced by the warp knitting and less frequently by the weft knitting technique.
Splittapes are made by splitting (cutting) a full width of woven or knitted fabric on a special splitting machine or directly on the weaving or knitting machine.
Adhesive bonded tapes are made of only one longitudinal system of threads, which is adhesive, bonded.
Elastic braids woven or knitted exhibit a high longitudinal elongation and elasticity due to the rubber or spandex threads inserted .
