Social sciences
Social sciences
In economics, contour lines can be used to describe features which vary quantitatively over space. An isochrone shows lines of equivalent drive time or travel time to a given location and is used in the generation of isochrone maps. An isotim shows equivalent transport costs from the source of a raw material, and an isodapane shows equivalent cost of travel time.
Indifference curves are used to show bundles of goods to which a person would assign equal utility. In political science an analogous method is used in understanding coalitions (for example the diagram in Laver and Shepsle's work[11]).
In population dynamics, isocline (see Types of contour lines above) refers to the set of population sizes at which the rate of change, or partial derivative, for one population in a pair of interacting populations is zero.
Isolines can also be used to delineate qualitative differences. An isogloss, for example, is used in mapping the geographic spread of linguistic features.
Contour lines are also used in non-geographic charts in economics. An isoquant is a line of equal production quantity, and an isocost shows equal production costs.
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